A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DO PENSAMENTO DA REFORMA PROTESTANTE PARA A FORMAÇÃO DO ESTADO MODERNO

Abstract

Religion has long ceased to be analyzed and understood as a formal source of Law. However, in many parts of the world, it has fostered political, legal, and social debates within religious contexts. This study addresses the influence of religion, particularly the Protestant Reformation, in the construction of the modern state and its impact on the current model of the Democratic Rule of Law. The research seeks to understand how the theory of the state, developed with direct influence from the Protestant Reformation in the 16th century, has shaped contemporary states. The topic is justified by the need to comprehend the contributions of this movement to the formation of modern states. The specific objectives include analyzing the formation and evolution of the state in Modernity, examining the ideas of the reformers regarding the relationship between Church and State, and explaining how political liberalism emerged from the principles of the Protestant Reformation, particularly in terms of advocating religious tolerance. The study is conducted through an interdisciplinary approach that combines Religious Studies and Sociology, utilizing bibliographic research as the methodology. The work is divided into three chapters, exploring the formation of the Modern State, the Protestant Reformation and its historical evolution, and the relationship between the Protestant Reformation and the Democratic Rule of Law. By analyzing these aspects, the study seeks to answer the question regarding the influence of the Protestant Reformation in the formation of the Democratic Rule of Law.