Protestantismo e violências contra as mulheres: um estudo de caso acerca da violência simbólica e religiosa contra a ordenação de mulheres na Convenção Batista Brasileira

Abstract

This Final Paper for the Professional Master's Degree in Religious Studies deals with the following problem question: How does the Protestant Christian tradition influence violence against women, mainly through symbolic and religious violence, based on the case study of three pastors of the Baptist Church who faced great resistance to be ordained in their denomination? The general objective of the work is to identify how the Protestant Christian tradition strengthens the phenomenon of violence against women, beyond their physical employment, from the case study about three pastors of the Baptist Church who faced great resistance to be ordained. Thus, the following specific objectives were scored, namely: 1) conceptualizing violence and its multiple faces/forms; 2) present an approach and history of the feminist movement and feminist theology, using the concept of gender as a category of analysis and gender inequality; 3) to assess how the Protestant Christian religion can be a possible influencer of violence against women through symbolic and religious violence, especially in the case study of the ordination of female pastors in the Baptist Church; 4) analysis of texts published against female ordination in the Baptist Church. The methodology used was literature, case study and document analysis. The theoretical framework worked with reflections on the phenomenon of violence, in its different faces, from the framework of the concept of symbolic violence by Pierre Bourdieu, which constituted through the exercise of symbolic power through male domination, manifesting itself in violence religious movement against women, references from the feminist movement, women's rights and feminist theology. The dissertation divided into three chapters. The first chapter reflects on violence against women and its different faces, pointing to symbolic violence. The second chapter presents the human rights of women: contributions from the feminist movement and feminist theology and the third chapter presents the case study on the ordination of the three pastors, with the analysis of texts published against their ordination. It concluded that reflection and study on the phenomenon of violence against women and the relationship with Protestant Christianity is fundamental for the transformation of reality and for the empowerment of women who seek ordination to the ecclesiastical ministry.