O DIREITO À LIBERDADE RELIGIOSA DAS CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES NO AMBIENTE ESCOLAR

Abstract

This work has as a general objective to address the religious freedom of children and adolescents in the school environment, pointing out the following problem question: how to guarantee this right? The hypothesis considered in this dissertation is due to the need to disseminate religious knowledge in schools, as a way of preparing citizens for human coexistence. Therefore, it was necessary, first, to discuss the right to religious freedom and the right to education. In this way, religious freedom was elucidated in the international human rights system and in Brazilian constitutional law. Subsequently, it develops on education, a fundamental social right. In the second part, it deals with the core of the dissertation: the religious freedom of children and adolescents in the school environment. In this chapter, relating education to religion, some issues were addressed: the regulation of religious education in Brazil and its teaching models in public schools in different Brazilian states, the recognition of the right to a day of rest in the legal system and the religious freedom of adolescents in socio-educational inpatient units. In the third part, it is about religious intolerance in the school environment, highlighting the prejudice against students adhering to religions of African origin, Christian prayers in educational institutions and religious bullying. Soon after, the importance of education is highlighted in the UNESCO Declaration of Principles on Tolerance, the contribution of Sciences of Religions to school religious education and, finally, religious knowledge as more than a guarantee of religious freedom in schools , an instrument in the construction of peace. Regarding the methodology, the data were obtained through bibliographic research. The usefulness of this work is to assert that religious freedom is a fundamental right of children and adolescents and that it must be guaranteed by educational institutions.