RELIGIÃO E BIOÉTICA: TESTEMUNHAS DE JEOVÁ E A QUESTÃO DA TRANSFUSÃO DE SANGUE

Abstract

This dissertation study aimed to analyze, from a religious and bioethical point of view, the refusal of blood transfusion by Jehovah's Witnesses. Theoretical development addressed religion and its relationship with the State and health, presenting a brief overview of religious freedoms over time and describing the legal aspects that ensure it in the country. The history of Jehovah's Witnesses, since its foundation and expansion in almost all countries, its characteristics and precepts, as well as the Watchtower Society's justification for the prohibition of blood transfusion, through excerpts from the Bible, were also presented. contrary to that treatment. A reflection on religion and bioethics was also developed, conceptualizing the terms ethics, morals and bioethics. Then, the bioethical principles of autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence and justice were discussed in order to provide a greater understanding of the topic, as well as transfusion therapy and its relationship with the bioethical principle of autonomy. Finally, the study presented the relationship, sometimes conflicting, between religious principles and the medical issue, analyzing the patient's right to choose, later, discussing the doctor-patient relationship Jehovah's Witness and the ethical conflicts on the part of this professional in if blood transfusion is required. To conclude, the existing alternative treatments for these patients were presented. It is likely and expected that, over time, a non-blood alternative will be developed with the ability to replace transfusion therapy completely, or perhaps pressure may force the Watchtower Society to return to its original position and, again, allow blood transfusions as acceptable.