O CONCÍLIO VATICANO II, DOM ANTÔNIO DE CASTRO MAYER E A DIOCESE DE CAMPOS: RESISTÊNCIA E CISMA VITÓRIA 2016

Abstract

This paper tries for a historical approach of the Second Vatican Council as a historical event, since it aimed at the Aggiornamento of the Catholic Church in the 60s. This study conducts a qualitative analysis through bibliographical analysis divided into three chapters: in the first moment, this paper debates the historical context of the Second Vatican Council and the figure of Pope John XXIII, who realized that the Church no longer answered the questions of the modern man. Thus, between 1962 and 1965, 2500 conciliar priests gathered around the Pope to discuss issues that touched the church's relationship with itself "ad intra" and its relationship with the modern world "ad extra". Through the analysis of Don Antonio publications and other authors who investigated his action during the Council, one can notice, in the second chapter, the role of Don Antonio de Castro Mayer as a conservative thinking agent to Catholicism, acting directly on behalf of his principles and that his interpretation regarding this event directed him to a unique history within Catholicism. Finally, the reception of the Second Vatican Council is analyzed in Rio de Janeiro northern history, featuring the Diocese of Campos as the only diocese in the world to resist the conciliar reforms approved by Paul VI and for the episcopal college gathered under the vaults of St. Peter’s Basilica.