O PLURALISMO COMO HORIZONTE PARA O DIÁLOGO INTER-RELIGIOSO NA DISCIPLINA DO ENSINO RELIGIOSO

Abstract

This dissertation reflects on religious concepts such as “exclusivism”, “inclusivism” and “pluralism”. These concepts will show a horizon on how religions are positioned in this modern view and how interreligious dialogue fits into the model of religious teaching in public schools. Such concepts will allow us to interpret the horizon of each religion, whether they are conservative religions, fundamentalists, or religions that have been guided by human progress towards becoming more dialogic religions. In the set of religions, some of them show more exclusivist characteristics that emphasize their affirmation of faith to the detriment of others. There is also religious inclusivism that is a model that admits that there are common elements between religions, but insists on a hierarchy being one religion superior to another. And, finally, “Religious Pluralism”, a revolutionary model to define religions that managed, within a process of historical maturation, to make religious dialogue. Religious pluralism derives from a multiculturalist world, marked by the diversity of races and languages and has been the model being followed in public schools. It marks the need to engage in interreligious dialogue to confront a religious identity, and counterpoint with other religious traditions. This dissertation aims to discuss the life of a plural way of life that can dialogue with its belief in the light of many different religious creeds and cultures and to show that an implementation of the multiculturalist view of religions in the schools through religious teaching is viable. Pluralism brings a notion of otherness, a dialogue with the different. Pluralism consists of searching for ways of overcoming fundamentalism and religious intolerance. Pluralism is a reality that marks the religious behavior of modernity. The phenomenon of religious pluralism implies a reflection of the most diversified areas of anthropological, theological, philosophical and other knowledges. All these knowledges are in fact ways to see the causes, characteristics and consequences of this phenomenon called religious pluralism.