MARCAS DA RELIGIOSIDADE: PRÁTICAS OBSERVADAS EM DUAS ESCOLAS DE EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL DA REDE MUNICIPAL DE MARATAÍZES - ES

Abstract

This study aims at analyzing the use of religious representations in two public schools of Early Childhood Education of the municipal network of Marataízes - ES, as a factor of the human and social development of the child, without any purpose to expose or catechize to one or other religion in particular. It is understood that childhood is a very important stage in the development of the individual, which justifies the report about the emergence of Infant Education and religious education in Brazil and the world as well as the approach of the theories of Piaget and Vygotsky and their contributions for learning. Regarding the pedagogical practices of the teacher in relation to the use of religious discourse and their insertion in the practices, these were presented in a biased manner, highlighting the concepts of ethics, citizenship and secularity. In addition to the literature review based on theses, dissertations and academic publications found on sites such as google academic, Scielo and other digital libraries of some colleges, the work also brings a field survey carried out with twenty-four teachers from two municipal public schools of city of Marataízes in the State of Espírito Santo. The work sought to understand the religious representations and how they are applied in the classroom. In addition, the research inquires teachers religiosity use with children, how this discourse is used and what is the intention; understand and point out which religious concepts are used and how they are inserted into practice. The observations evidenced the naturalization of the presence of religious representations in the public schools investigated, without, however, disregarding or disrespecting the laity of the public space and religious diversity. The interviewees' attitudes show that teaching and putting into action religious concepts would rather be relevant to recover values that have long been forgotten or left aside by society as respect, love of neighbor, kindness and gratitude among others, values also demonstrated in the change of behavior of their students. However, trained teachers know how to apply religious values only to aggregate and not to highlight one religion or another. However, it is necessary to understand that in a secular country, it is important to approach religious aspects with caution so as not to make mistakes or crass mistakes, so that religion must be treated as a domain of sciences or knowledge that involves global, cultural and social dissimilarity, respecting diversity.